Which of the following is required for IFR night flight?

For IFR night flight, a comprehensive set of equipment and instruments is necessary to ensure safety and compliance with regulations. The requirement for all VFR day equipment, VFR night equipment, and adherence to GRABCARD emphasizes the need for a robust understanding of the operational environment and the potential for challenging conditions.

Standard VFR day equipment must be present for operations in visual flight rules, providing the basic instruments needed for flying during daylight. Night flying introduces additional risks, such as reduced visibility, thus the inclusion of VFR night equipment, which includes items like navigation lights, ensures that a pilot can operate safely in the dark. Moreover, GRABCARD (an acronym representative of various safety and navigational components) stands for Ground, Radio, Attitude, Ball, Clock, and Direction, which are essential items for IFR operations. This comprehensive requirement guarantees that the pilot is prepared for the complexities of night navigation in instrument conditions, ensuring both pilot and passenger safety.